Nzira inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira ndeye kuomarara kwesimbi inodzvanywa, senge kuomarara kweBrinell, kuomarara kweRockwell, kuomarara kweVickers uye kuomarara kudiki. Kukosha kwekuomarara kwakawanikwa kunomiririra kuramba kwesimbi pamusoro pepurasitiki nekuda kwekupinda kwezvinhu zvekunze.
Zvinotevera ipfupiso yezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuoma:
1. Kuomarara kweBrinell (HB)
Dzvanya bhora resimbi rakasimba rine saizi yakati (kazhinji 10mm mudhayamita) pamusoro pechinhu chine mutoro wakati (kazhinji 3000kg) wochichengeta kwenguva yakati. Mushure mekunge mutoro wabviswa, chiyero chemutoro kunzvimbo inopinzwa iBrinell hardness value (HB), mukg force/mm2 (N/mm2).
2. Kuomarara kweRockwell (HR)
Kana HB>450 kana kuti sampuli iri diki zvakanyanya, Brinell hardness test haigone kushandiswa uye Rockwell hardness measurement inofanira kushandiswa panzvimbo pezvo. Inoshandisa diamond cone ine vertex angle ye120° kana simbi bhora ine dhayamita ye1.59mm ne3.18mm kudzvanya pamusoro pechinhu kuti chiedzwe pasi pemutoro wakati, uye kuoma kwechinhu kunowanikwa kubva pakadzika kwe indentation. Zvichienderana nekuoma kwechinhu chekuyedza, chinogona kuratidzwa muzvikamu zvitatu zvakasiyana:
HRA: Ndihwo hunyoro hunowanikwa nekushandisa mutoro we60kg uye dhaimani cone indenter, uye hunoshandiswa pazvinhu zvine hunyoro hwakanyanya (senge cemented carbide, nezvimwewo).
HRB: Ndihwo hunyoro hunowanikwa nekushandisa mutoro we100kg nebhora resimbi rakasimba rine dhayamita ye1.58mm. Rinoshandiswa pazvinhu zvine hunyoro hwakaderera (senge simbi yakanyungudutswa, simbi yakakandwa, nezvimwewo).
HRC: Ndihwo hunyoro hunowanikwa nekushandisa mutoro we150kg uye dhaimani cone indenter, uye hunoshandiswa pazvinhu zvine hunyoro hwakanyanya (senge simbi yakaoma, nezvimwewo).
3 Kuomarara kweVickers (HV)
Shandisa dhaimani square cone indenter ine mutoro uri pasi pe120kg uye vertex angle ye136° kuti udzvanye pamusoro pechinhu, uye patsanura nzvimbo yegomba remukati mechinhu nemutengo wemutoro, inova Vickers hardness HV value (kgf/mm2).
Kana ichienzaniswa neBrinell neRockwell hardness tests, Vickers hardness test ine mabhenefiti akawanda. Haina zvipingamupinyi zvemamiriro ezvinhu akatarwa e load P ne indenter diameter D seBrinell, uye dambudziko re deformation ye indenter; uye haina dambudziko rekuti hardness value yeRockwell haigone kubatanidzwa. Uye inogona kuyedza chero zvinhu zvakapfava uye zvakaoma seRockwell, uye inogona kuyedza hardness yezvikamu zvakatetepa zvakanyanya (kana zvidimbu zvitete) zviri nani pane Rockwell, izvo zvinogona kuitwa chete ne Rockwell surface hardness. Asi kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, inogona kuenzaniswa chete mukati me Rockwell scale, uye haigone kubatanidzwa nemamwe mazinga ehardness. Pamusoro pezvo, nekuti Rockwell inoshandisa indentation depth se measurement index, uye indentation depth inogara iri diki pane indentation width, saka relative error yayo yakakurawo. Naizvozvo, Rockwell hardness data haina kugadzikana seBrinell neVickers, uye zvechokwadi haina kugadzikana seVickers precision.
Pane hukama hwakati hwekuchinja pakati paBrinell, Rockwell naVickers, uye pane tafura yehukama hwekuchinja inogona kubvunzwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-16-2023
