Kurapa kupisa kwepamusoro kwakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: rimwe kurapa kupisa kwepamusoro uye kuporesa kupisa kwemuviri, uye rimwe kurapa kupisa nemakemikari. Nzira yekuedza kuomarara ndeiyi inotevera:
1. Kudzimisa kupisa kwepamusoro uye kuporesa kupisa
Kudzima nekudziya kwepamusoro-soro (superficial quenching) uye kurapwa kwekupisa kunowanzoitwa nekudziisa murazvo kana kupisa moto. Zvinhu zvikuru zvehunyanzvi ndezvekuoma kwepamusoro-soro (superficial hardness), kuoma kwenzvimbo (local hardness) uye kudzika kwechikamu chakaomarara (hardness depth). Vickers hardness tester kana Rockwell hardness tester inogona kushandiswa pakuedza kuomarara. Simba rekuyedza Sarudzo iyi ine chekuita nekudzika kwechikamu chakaomarara chinoshanda uye kuomarara kwechikamu chebasa. Pane michina mitatu yekuomarara inobatanidzwa pano.
(1) Vickers hardness tester inzira yakakosha yekuedza kuomarara kwepamusoro pemaworkpiece akagadziriswa kupisa. Inogona kushandisa simba rekuyedza re0.5-100KG kuyedza superficial hardening layer yakatetepa se 0.05mm ukobvu. Kurongeka kwayo kwakanyanya uye inogona kusiyanisa maworkpiece akagadziriswa kupisa. Musiyano mudiki mukuomarara kwepamusoro pepamusoro, pamusoro pezvo, kudzika kwe superficial hardening layer kunowanikwawo neVickers hardness tester, saka zvakakosha kugadzirira Vickers hardness tester yemayuniti anoita superficial heat treatment processing kana kushandisa akawanda ma superficial heat treatment workpieces.
(2) Muchina wekuongorora kuomarara weRockwell wakakodzerawo kuyedza kuomarara kwemuchina webasa wakadzima. Kune zviyero zvitatu zvemuchina wekuongorora kuomarara weRockwell wakasarudzika kuti usarudze kubva. Unogona kuyedza maworkpiece akasiyana-siyana akaomarara ane kudzika kwakasimba kwechikamu chakasimba kunodarika 0.1mm. Kunyangwe kururama kwemuchina wekuongorora kuomarara weRockwell wakakwira kusiri kwakakwira sekwemuchina wekuongorora kuomarara weVickers, unogona kutosangana nezvinodiwa senzira yekuona manejimendi emhando yepamusoro uye kuongororwa kwezvitupa zvekupisa. Pamusoro pezvo, une hunhu hwekushanda kuri nyore, kushandiswa kuri nyore, mutengo wakaderera, kuyerwa nekukurumidza, uye kuverenga zvakananga kukosha kwekuomarara. Muchina wekuongorora kuomarara weRockwell wakakwira unogona kushandiswa kuona nekukurumidza uye pasina kuparadza mabheti ezvishandiso zvakagadziriswa kupisa zvakakwirira chimwe nechimwe. Zvakakosha zvikuru kumafekitori ekugadzira simbi nekugadzira michina. Kana muchina wekuongorora kupisa wakakwira wakasimba, muchina wekuongorora kuomarara weRockwell unogona zvakare kushandiswa. Kana ukobvu hwemuchina wekuongorora kupisa huri 0.4-0.8mm, muchina weHRA unogona kushandiswa. Kana kudzika kwechikamu chakaomarara Kana chapfuura 0.8mm, chiyero cheHRC chinogona kushandiswa. Vickers, Rockwell uye superficial Rockwell matatu ma standard hardness values anogona kushandurwa zviri nyore kuita mumwe nemumwe, kushandurwa kuita standards, drawings kana hardness values zvinodiwa nevashandisi, uye tafura yekushandura inoenderana iri mu international standard ISO. American standard ASTM neChinese standard GB/T zvakapihwa.
(3) Kana ukobvu hwechikamu chakaomeswa chakagadziriswa nekupisa hwapfuura 0.2mm, muchina wekuyedza kuomarara weLeeb unogona kushandiswa, asi sensor yemhando yeC inofanira kusarudzwa. Pakuyera, kutarisisa kunofanira kupihwa kumagumo epamusoro uye ukobvu hwese hwebasa. Nzira iyi yekuyera haina Vickers naRockwell. Muchina wekuyedza kuomarara wakarurama, asi wakakodzera kuyerwa panzvimbo yacho mufekitori.
2 makemikari ekurapa kupisa
Kurapa kupisa kwemakemikari kunosanganisira kupinda mukati mechinhu chebasa nemaatomu echimwe kana akawanda emakemikari, nokudaro zvichichinja kuumbwa kwemakemikari, chimiro uye mashandiro echinhu chebasa. Mushure mekudzima uye kupisa tembiricha yakaderera, chikamu chebasa chine kuoma kwakanyanya uye kuramba kupfeka. Uye simba rekuneta, uye pakati pechinhu chebasa rine simba guru uye kusimba. Maparamita makuru ehunyanzvi echinhu chebasa chekurapa kupisa kwemakemikari ndiko kudzika kwechikamu chakaomarara uye kuomarara kwepamusoro. Kureba uko kuomarara kunoderera kusvika ku50HRC ndiko kudzika kwechikamu chakaomarara. Kuedza kuomarara kwepamusoro kwechinhu chebasa chemakemikari chakabatwa nekupisa kwakafanana nekuedza kuomarara kwechinhu chebasa chepamusoro chakabatwa nekupisa. Vickers hardness testers, superficial Rockwell hardness testers kana Rockwell hardness testers zvinogona kushandiswa. Kuedza kuomarara kuti zvionekwe, ukobvu hwe nitriding chete hwakatetepa, kazhinji haupfuuri 0.7mm, saka Rockwell hardness tester haigone kushandiswa.
3. kurapwa kwekupisa kwemunharaunda
Kana zvikamu zvekurapa kupisa zvemunharaunda zvichida kuomarara kwakanyanya munzvimbo, kurapwa kwekupisa kwekudzima kwenzvimbo kunogona kuitwa nekudziisa, nezvimwewo. Zvikamu zvakadaro zvinowanzo fanirwa kuratidza nzvimbo yekurapa kwekupisa kwekudzima kwenzvimbo uye kukosha kwekuomarara kwenzvimbo padhirowa, uye kuyedzwa kwekuomarara kwezvikamu kunofanirwa kuitwa munzvimbo yakatarwa, chishandiso chekuedza kuomarara chinogona kushandisa Rockwell hardness tester kuyedza kukosha kwekuomarara kweHRC. Kana layer yekuomarara yekurapa kupisa isina kudzika, Rockwell hardness tester yepamusoro inogona kushandiswa kuyedza kukosha kwekuomarara kweHRN.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-16-2023
